Census of Population, Households and Dwellings means the organized collecting of the data on population of a country and it is the most significant statistical source of separate/ individual statistical data.
Census also presents the most expensive, the most complex and the most popular statistical survey that is conducted in almost all countries in the world.
Besides the basic question “How many of us are there?”, the Census also provides the answer to the question “Who are we?”, regarding age structure, sex, education, activity, occupation and other features, also including the answer to the question “Where and how do we live?”, relating to information on types of dwellings, dwellings’ equipment with basic installations, water, electricity, etc. Answers to all these questions provide numerical population frame that is further used as the basis for more efficient planning, development of economy, social, population, agriculture and other policies, but they are also used for administration activities and scientific research.
Conducting of the Census
Conducting of the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings contains six phases:
1. Preparation for Census conducting;
2. Enumeration;
3. Data processing;
4. Creating database;
5. Data dissemination and
6. Analysis of the Census results.
The listed phases are based on the experiences from the previous Censuses. However, Census 2011 means also improvement of the mentioned phases in all segments.
Census of Population, Households and Dwellings is regulated by the Law on the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings, 2011 (“Official Gazette of the RS”, No 104/09 and 24/11)
Law on the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings, 2011.
Data collected in the Census 2011 will be exclusively used for statistical purposes.
Interviewers, trainers, controllers and other persons engaged in census-related activities are due to take care of the accuracy of entered information, i.e. accurate processing of the data given by data providers and to consider them as confidential.
According to Article 30 of the Law on the Census of Population, Households and Dwellings, 2011, a fine from 20.000 tо 50.000 thousands dinars is envisaged for any violation by the interviewers, trainers or controllers engaged in the Census if they:
- Do not perform timely and duly the activities of the Census;
- Request from the person covered by the Census to declare, against own will, her/his national affiliation or religion;
- Violate the confidential character of the data.
Persons authorized to carry out the Census of Population, as well as the employees in the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, are due to keep the confidentiality of all the data collected in the Census during and after the latter.
The data that will be collected in the Census will be published or prepared for the users in the form of aggregates. This way identification data of interviewed person will be kept confidential.
Descriptive data will be protected from unauthorized provision, use and loss, destruction or correction.
Conducting the censuses in our country has the long-lasting tradition that can be monitored since 1834, when, in the modern sense of this word, the first census was completed on the territory of Serbia. Since that “census of people”, up to World War I, the censuses were carried out in five – year periodicity. It demonstrates that the mentioned historical period was very dynamic and it provoked frequent recording of changes in territorial distribution and composition of population, also including the economic properties, particularly in released parts of the country. Therefore, the data from the early censuses have enormous historical importance even nowadays.
In the period between two World Wars, there were only two censuses of population in Yugoslavia, in 1921 and 1931. The census planned for 1941 was not conducted due to beginning of World War II. After the War, because of the urgent need to collect data in the shortest possible period, especially regarding damages and casualties of the War, in order to submit requests to international forums for compensation on account of the ravages of the War, based on objective statistical documentation, the so- called “shortened census” was conducted in 1948 and afterwards, in 1953, the first complete census of total post-war population was carried out. Starting from 1961 census, according to UN recommendations, the ten-year periodicity of conducting the population censuses was established again, so that in the following period, the censuses were conducted in 1961. 1971. 1981 and 1991.
Respecting international recommendations on periodicity of census conducting, it was planed to conduct the first census in 21st century in April 2001. However, the state authorities of Montenegro and later also authorities of Serbia agreed to postpone the census for the following year. Shortly before the new dates of the census conducting, in March 2002, Republic of Montenegro suggested new postponement of the census, while in the Republic of Serbia it was decided to conduct the census, but only including the territories of Central Serbia and AP Vojvodina. Regarding the territory of AP Kosovo and Metohia, the census was not conducted due to lack of conditions to perform it.
The Census provides complete, good quality, accurate and internationally comparable data on population, households and dwellings. It allows the data to be comparable with those from previous censuses, in line with the needs of national and international users.
The census is the main source of data for small geographical areas (settlements, parts of settlements), and the data thereof are also used for:
• Annual estimations of the number of population (in the inter-census period);
• Projections of the number and main structure of population for a long period of time;
• Analysis and evaluation of the situation in the economical and social development;
• Monitoring of plans implementation;
• Planning the development in the economy, education, health, housing and other economic and social domains;
• R&D;
• Statistical purposes, etc.
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